Axolotls (Ambystoma mexicanum) are unique aquatic salamanders native to Mexico. Known as “Mexican walking fish,” they are fascinating, hardy pets that thrive when their specific needs are met. With proper care, axolotls can live up to 10–15 years.
Tank Setup
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Tank Size: Minimum 60L for one axolotl. Larger tanks are recommended for multiple axolotls.
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Water Temperature: 16–18°C. Avoid temperatures above 22°C, as heat causes stress.
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Filter: Low-flow filter to maintain clean water without creating strong currents.
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Substrate: Fine sand or bare-bottom. Avoid gravel or small stones to prevent impaction.
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Decor: Provide hides (caves, PVC pipes) and smooth decorations.
Water Parameters
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pH: 6.5–8.0 (neutral preferred).
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Ammonia/Nitrite: Always 0 ppm.
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Nitrate: < 40 ppm.
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Water Changes: 20–30% weekly to maintain water quality.
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Dechlorinator: Always treat tap water before adding to the tank.
Feeding
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Diet: Carnivorous – high-protein diet.
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Staples: Earthworms, axolotl pellets, frozen bloodworms, brine shrimp.
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Feeding Frequency: Juveniles daily; adults every 2–3 days. Remove uneaten food to prevent fouling.
Behavior & Tankmates
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Temperament: Solitary; may nip at tankmates.
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Tankmates: Best kept alone. If housed together, axolotls of similar size may coexist, but risks of injury remain.
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Activity: Nocturnal; more active in low light.
Health & Maintenance
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Common Issues: Heat stress, fungal infections (white cottony growth), ammonia burns, impaction.
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Prevention: Keep water cool, clean, and stable. Avoid small gravel and sharp décor.
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Signs of Health: Smooth skin, strong appetite, clear eyes, and active gills with feathery filaments.
Enrichment
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Provide caves and hides for security.
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Offer variation in diet for stimulation.
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Maintain a dim environment with optional live plants (cool-water tolerant species).
✅ Key Tip for Beginners: The most important factor for axolotl health is cool, clean water. Invest in a good filter, test kit, and, if needed, a fan or an aquarium chiller.